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The process of integrating Europe

Community Observatory

Domenico Primerano

direct line between the Province of Catanzaro and the European Union

E urope Direct is a Province of Catanzaro European Centre, located inside the UN building, in Red Square, which acts as an intermediary between the European Union citizens and institutions at local and regional level. Its mission is to effectively promote the idea of \u200b\u200bthe European community by allowing citizens and public institutions and / or private, to obtain information, assistance, answers to questions and advice in key European Union. The issues that are answered in the Centre relate to institutions and EU legislation, policies, programs and projects and to submit applications for grants made available by the European Union and with the mediation of national and regional authorities either directly with the its institutions. The Centre actively promotes local and regional debate about the European Union and its policies to allow European institutions to improve disclosure of information and to adapt them to local and regional needs, and offers citizens the opportunity to provide feedback to the European institutions in form questions, opinions and suggestions; makes the search for partners at local, national and transnational levels. In carrying out the mission of communicating the European community, the Center complies with the guidelines of the European Commission, adapting to local and regional context. This means that in addition to the actions of information and communication, plays an important action and training in key European, particularly aims to raise awareness of European institutions, and to understand the European Union enlargement.

Understanding Enlargement

For half a century, according to Olli Rehn, Member of the European Commission responsible for enlargement, the European Union is committed to a progressive process of integration and open to new members at the same time. In most cases, the two trials were held in parallel, leading to the current efforts of the EU: 27 States and a population of about 500 million people today to create a safer, more prosperous , stronger and more influential than the European Economic Community from which we started 50 years ago, consists of 6 members with less than 200 million people.

The process of European integration has led from the outset, the accession of new members. The enlargement debate is as old as the union itself. With each new accession, the EU changes its face. Reflecting on what we might become, it forces us to reflect on what we are and what we want to be in the future.

Although it proved a great success for the union, enlargement to the countries of Central and Eastern Europe and the Mediterranean, which took place between 2004 and 2007, served as a scapegoat for the socio-economic disparate. In fact, this last round of enlargement has widened the area of \u200b\u200bpeace, stability and democracy on our continent, strengthening the economy European markets through the most extensive, creating new jobs and allowing the entry in the market town of rapid economic growth. The EU is now the largest economic the world. A larger internal market and new economic opportunities to ensure greater prosperity and European competitiveness.

The democratically elected governments of EU Member States, meeting within the European Council decided that future enlargements will affect the countries involved in the process of EU accession: Croatia, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, L 'Albania, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Montenegro, Serbia, including Kosovo and Turkey.

Each country can only join when they will meet the requirements. A process of gradual and carefully managed enlargement goes to the full benefit of all countries involved.

Who can join?

During its evolution, the EU has been establishing detailed requirements for membership in order to ensure clarity for citizens and to provide guidance to countries wishing to join.

According to Article 49 TEU, it can become a member of any European country that shares the principles of freedom, democracy, respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms and the rule of law.

To become a member of the EU, a country must bring together all the necessary criteria for membership laid down by the Copenhagen European Council in 1993 and reaffirmed in 1995, namely: 1,

the political: stable institutions guaranteeing democracy, the rule of law, human rights and respect for and protection of minorities;

2 ° the economic: a functioning market economy and competition law;

3 ° the ability to assume obligations of membership, including adherence to the objectives of political, economic and monetary union;

4 th adoption of the entire body of Community legislation.

Who decides?

The accession of a new member shall be decided unanimously by all EU Member States' governments democratically elected, meeting within the Council of Ministers or the European Council.

When a country applies for EU membership, the governments of member states agree in the Council (after having consulted the European Commission) to accept the nomination, if you recognize the country as a candidate. Similarly, the member states to decide when and under what conditions open and close the accession negotiations with candidate countries in individual policy areas.

order for the candidate country becomes a member country, it is necessary that the draft Accession Treaty is signed and initialed by each member state and the country concerned, then follows the ratification by Member States and the acceding country in accordance with procedures institutions. It 'also planned, the agreement of the European Parliament, elected directly by European citizens.

* Responsible Europe Direct

- Central "Europe for All" in the Province of Catanzaro-

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Leopoldo Elia, a life for institutions

History and Society

Fabio Celi

E ' the recent death of Leopoldo Elia, President Emeritus of the Constitutional Court.

born in Fano on November 4, 1925, politician and lawyer, was elected by Parliament Judge of the Constitutional Court on April 20, 1976, becomes President of the Council September 21, 1981 with reappointment September 24, 1984, leaving the bench by President May 7, 1985. In 1987 (term X) Elijah was elected to the Senate in the lists of the DC, then passes the House, in the XII legislature, the Senate back in 1996 with the Olive Tree, by standing in the College of Milan Baggio - Fourth Oggiaro. E 'was Commission Vice-President for the reorganization of the broadcasting sector, then a member of the Constitutional Affairs Committee, Foreign Minister and Minister for Reforms in the electoral and institutional Ciampi government (1993-1994). Professor of Constitutional Law at the University of Rome, 'was the author of numerous books and essays.

Leopoldo Elia has left us in the year when we mark the sixtieth anniversary of the promulgation of the Constitution which, quite rightly, was defined as a "guardian". It was not, for age reasons, among those who participated in the drafting of the constituent assembly but it is as if the Republican Constitution was also a "founding fathers", so meaningful, intense, continuous and multifaceted it was his contribution to the life, implementation and protection of the Charter.

The defense of the Constitution to the bitter end crossed Throughout his life as a scholar, teacher, judge and politician. Tenacious defender of our form of parliamentary government reacted strongly when the "constitutional patriotism" was branded by some observers as "very enlightened conservatism."

was clearly a supporter of reforms as strongly opposing the upheavals of the Constitution. He expressed his total opposition to the current electoral law, not considered a major problem in the case of Italy today.

Leopoldo Elia was a leading member of the Catholic culture of democracy.

has been able to represent the secular nature and autonomy of thought combined with a deeply religious way of life. The disappearance of Leopoldo Elia has aroused deep emotion in all. A man of extraordinary integrity and gentleness, Elijah was a master of the Italian constitution, culture, experience in the institutions, capacity for dialogue and firmness of conviction. Turn to her figure a gratitude for the invaluable contribution he has made to the democratic development of the country and first and foremost an affirmation of the principles and values \u200b\u200bof the Republican Constitution. A staunch defender of constitutionalism, has produced during his life countless publications of the highest value. Among these we particularly like to mention:

"Human Rights, the foundation of civil society and politics" (1983), "Notes on the formation of the government" (1957), "Constitutional Law and Comparative Law" ( 1985), "Forms of Government" (1969), "Constitutional Court and the principle of equality" (1978), "The establishment attacked: form of government and devolution to the right time" (2005).

Elia was also Rapporteur of important decisions including, in particular, some in terms of personal freedom, religious freedom, family law, trade union rights, the electoral law. Even in the last years of his life has never failed its social and political engagement, such as becoming a founding member in 2002 of the 'Laboratory for the polis' - a network of culture and training civil commitment - which has sought to put all his experience to the service.